Allergic eczema, which is a focal inflammation on the surface of the skin, is chronic, neuro-allergic in nature, and is a consequence of the body’s reaction to external and internal irritants. The disease can be observed in people of different ages, however, small children belong to the main risk group. Moreover, if allergic eczema appears in a child under 3 years of age, in 50% of cases it goes away by itself and does not need a long, complicated treatment. Otherwise, eczema acquires a chronic form and is observed in the patient throughout life, with periods of remission and outbreaks of exacerbations.
Allergic eczema. Causes
One of the main factors in the occurrence of allergic eczema is a violation of the immune system. The result of such processes is the hypersensitivity of the body to certain substances of chemical, vegetable or protein origin. Moreover, the type and form of the disease directly depends on substances that come in contact with human skin.
The reasons leading to the occurrence of allergic eczema are, in some cases, the improper administration of drugs, especially antibiotics and sulfamilanides, some types of plants and food. Allergies and the onset of skin disease can be caused by special microorganisms that live in the appendix, on caries-affected teeth, in sore tonsils, or in the sinuses.
Allergic eczema can be triggered by impaired functions of the digestive, endocrine, nervous, immune system, stomach diseases, infections and inflammatory processes present in the internal organs. Genetic heredity, as well as diseases such as thrombophlebitis, trophic ulcers, diabetes mellitus or varicose veins, are also among the causes of eczema.
Symptoms of the disease
At first, the disease makes itself felt with strong internal itching in the affected areas of the skin, then redness and swelling of the epidermis appears, followed by a focal rash of vesicles filled with serous fluid. After a short time, the bubbles burst, in their place there are small sores that cause a burning sensation of the skin, slight suppuration and boring itching. Soon, areas of the epidermis affected by eczema dry out, become covered with scales and a brownish crust with numerous cracks. The skin in these places becomes more dense, thickened, rough.
Allergic eczema can occur on any part of the body, although most often its localization places are located on the lower and upper limbs, neck, under the hair, on the face. In young children, allergic eczema is usually observed on the cheeks, forehead, head, neck and forearms.
Treatment methods
First of all, you should refuse to take medications that could cause an allergic reaction, develop and maintain a proper diet, adhere to a competently planned daily regimen.
Next, a comprehensive treatment of allergic eczema begins, the main purpose of which is to eliminate all provoking factors and reduce the symptoms of the disease to an optimal level. When developing a treatment strategy, the degree and form of the disease, the age of the patient, and the general state of his health are taken into account.
To stop the inflammatory processes, corticosteroid ointments and creams with varying degrees of activity are used. To eliminate severe rashes , a sedative-type antihistamine is prescribed (cyproheptadine, hydroxyzine, etc.). To the means of traditional medicine with a high degree of effectiveness include various compresses and lotions from decoctions of medicinal herbs, the use of medicinal compounds, the use of baths with medicinal herbs.
It is impossible to completely cure allergic eczema. But to successfully deal with it and prevent outbreaks of exacerbation is possible and necessary by all available means, which a professional dermatologist will recommend to you.