Diabetes Treatment Type 1 is a complex of therapeutic measures aimed at eliminating elevated blood glucose levels.
What happens in the body in patients with type 1 diabetes
In the pancreas, there are beta cells that synthesize insulin. Insulin is involved in the transport of glucose from blood plasma to tissues that need it. The following organs have particularly high glucose requirements: eyes, heart, vessels, kidneys, nervous system. The essence of type 1 diabetes is that the pancreatic beta cells suddenly die and stop synthesizing insulin. Glucose in the blood becomes a lot, but it does not reach the organs that need it. Organs are deficient in sugar, and hyperglycemia occurs in the blood.
How does type 1 diabetes manifest
Type 1 diabetes begins acutely. The patient has severe thirst, dry mouth, he drinks a lot of fluid and urinates a lot. Some patients have an aversion to food and nausea, while others on the contrary eat a lot. However, those and others quickly lose weight – up to 20 kg in a few weeks. Patients are also worried about weakness. dizziness, decreased performance, drowsiness. Without treatment, patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus quickly receive ketoacidosis, which can turn into a ketoacidotic coma.
Treatment of type 1 diabetes
Treatment of type 1 diabetes is an individual program of administering drugs that contain insulin, because in the most severe cases, insulin of its own is not synthesized at all.
Therefore, 2 main principles of treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus:
- Diet and self control,
- Insulin therapy.
Today, the introduction of insulin from the outside is the only way to treat type 1 diabetes. If any of the drug makers claim that they produce medications that can cure this disease is a brazen deception.
There are 2 types of drugs that contain insulin:
- short-acting insulins (humalog, actrapid, etc.),
- long-acting insulins (Lantus, Protofan, Levemir, etc.).
The most common use of insulin is as follows:
- morning – prolonged insulin,
- before breakfast, lunch, dinner – short-acting insulin,
- for the night – prolonged insulin.
Doctors insulin is usually picked up by a doctor endocrinologist. However, the amount of short-acting insulin that is administered before meals will depend on the estimated amount of insulin . In the school of diabetes, diabetics are taught to count bread units that are contained in food and to inject as much short insulin as needed. Every day, all patients with diabetes should monitor their blood glucose levels with a personal glucometer.
Treatment of type 1 diabetes is lifelong. Unfortunately, today the disease is incurable.